Repeater Sites

One Network.
Multiple Sites.

RNRC uses strategically located VHF repeater sites to extend communications across rural areas where a single radio site would never be enough.

What Is a Repeater Site?

A repeater site is a fixed communications location designed to receive radio transmissions from subscribers and retransmit them across a much larger area.

Getting Above the Terrain

Radio coverage is heavily influenced by terrain. Mountains, ridgelines, valleys, distance, and vegetation can all affect whether one radio can communicate directly with another.

By locating repeater equipment at strategically selected elevated sites, RNRC can provide communications across areas that would be difficult or impossible to cover using subscriber radios alone.

More Than Just a Repeater

An RNRC site is part of a larger communications system. Depending on the location and site design, the installation may include radio equipment, antennas, feedline, networking, power systems, backup power, environmental protection, and remote monitoring.

Each site is then connected into the broader RNRC network so communications can extend beyond a single mountaintop.

How a Repeater Extends Your Radio

Instead of requiring two subscriber radios to reach each other directly, an RNRC repeater provides an elevated communications point between them.

A Simple Radio Conversation

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Subscriber Radio Your portable or mobile radio transmits to the RNRC site.
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RNRC Repeater Site The elevated site receives and retransmits the communication.
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Other Radio Users Other authorized users receive the communication.

What Goes Into an RNRC Site?

A reliable repeater site requires several systems working together. The exact configuration varies by location, but the major building blocks are similar.

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Repeater Equipment

Professional radio equipment receives subscriber transmissions and retransmits them through the RNRC system.

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Antenna System

Antennas, feedline, filtering, and related RF equipment connect the repeater to the coverage area surrounding the site.

Primary Power

Depending on the location, a site may use commercial power, solar, or another suitable primary power source.

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Backup Power

Battery systems and, where appropriate, other backup power resources can help keep communications operating when primary power is interrupted.

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Network Backhaul

Network connectivity links repeater sites together and allows communications to move between participating locations.

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Monitoring

Remote monitoring can help RNRC identify equipment, power, network, and operational problems without waiting for someone to physically visit a remote site.

The Power of a Multi-Site Network

A repeater is useful on its own. Connecting multiple repeater sites together is what allows RNRC to create a much larger regional communications network.

Site A

A member transmits through an RNRC site covering one part of the network.

RNRC Network

The communications system connects participating sites and carries authorized traffic between them.

Site B

Authorized users in another coverage area can participate in the same communication through another RNRC site.

Why RNRC Uses Multiple Sites

Nevada's geography makes a multi-site approach especially valuable. No single repeater location can provide reliable communications everywhere the Cooperative may need to operate.

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Terrain

Mountains and ridgelines can provide excellent elevated radio locations while also creating significant coverage shadows behind them.

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Distance

Rural operations may span large distances. Multiple sites allow RNRC to extend communications across a much larger geographic footprint.

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Valleys & Basins

Different valleys and basins may require different elevated sites to provide useful radio coverage.

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Future Growth

The network can evolve as members identify new operating areas and there is sufficient need to support additional infrastructure.

You Don't Have to Pay for Every Site

RNRC members can elect access to the repeater sites that are appropriate for their operations, subject to technical feasibility, available capacity, licensing, and Cooperative policy.

When a member elects access to a site, the member participates in that site's operating expenses under RNRC's cost-allocation policy.

Choose the Coverage You Need

If your operation needs access to several RNRC sites, your authorized communications can be configured for those sites.

If you do not elect access to a particular site, you are not allocated a share of that site's ordinary operating expenses.

Site access is based on availability, not usage. Once a member elects access to a site, the member participates in that site's operating costs even if the member uses the site infrequently. The shared infrastructure must remain available whether it is used once or many times during the billing period.

How RNRC Evaluates Repeater Sites

A good mountaintop is not automatically a good communications site. RNRC considers both radio coverage and the practical requirements of building and maintaining reliable infrastructure.

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Coverage

The site should provide useful RF coverage to areas where members need communications.

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Infrastructure

RNRC considers available tower space, equipment space, antenna mounting, power, grounding, and other physical requirements.

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Backhaul

A linked site needs a practical way to connect with the rest of the RNRC network.

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Access

Remote communications equipment eventually requires maintenance. RNRC considers whether the site can be reasonably accessed when service is needed.

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Cost

Site rent, utilities, connectivity, maintenance, and other recurring expenses must be reasonable for the members who would benefit from the location.

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Reliability

Power, environmental conditions, equipment protection, network connectivity, and maintainability all influence whether a location can support dependable service.

How the Network Grows

RNRC can evaluate additional repeater locations as membership grows and new communications needs are identified.

1

Identify the Need

A member or group of members identifies an area where additional RNRC coverage would provide meaningful operational value.

2

Evaluate Locations

RNRC evaluates potential sites based on predicted coverage, infrastructure, access, backhaul, cost, and technical feasibility.

3

Determine Feasibility

The Cooperative determines whether there is sufficient technical and financial support to move forward with the proposed site.

4

Build & Integrate

Once approved and funded, the site can be constructed, configured, tested, and integrated into the RNRC network.

What Area Does Each Site Cover?

Coverage varies substantially by location, terrain, antenna height, subscriber radio type, antenna system, and other RF conditions.

RNRC's Coverage page provides information about the network's geographic footprint and can help prospective members determine which sites may be appropriate for their operations.

Portable and Mobile Coverage Can Differ

A vehicle-mounted radio with an external antenna may communicate successfully in locations where a lower-powered handheld radio cannot.

Coverage information should therefore be considered together with the type of subscriber equipment a member expects to use.

Coverage maps are predictive. Radio propagation modeling is useful for planning, but it cannot guarantee communications at every location. Terrain, vegetation, structures, antenna placement, equipment, interference, and local conditions can affect actual performance.

Have a Potential Repeater Location?

RNRC may be interested in suitable mountaintops, towers, elevated properties, communications facilities, or other locations that could help expand the Cooperative network.

The Host a Repeater Site page explains the general infrastructure, access, power, tower, and network requirements RNRC considers when evaluating a potential location.

Learn About Hosting a Site
Governing Documents Control. In the event of any conflict or discrepancy, the Cooperative's bylaws and adopted policies govern site access, cost allocation, network expansion, member responsibilities, and other Cooperative obligations.

Where Do You Need Communications?

RNRC can evaluate your operating area, expected subscriber equipment, and network requirements to help determine which repeater sites may provide useful coverage for your organization.